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What is Tezos (XTZ)?

Tezos is a blockchain network whose history is as fascinating as its technology. The network was first introduced in a white paper in 2014 and created by Arthur Breitman and his wife Kathleen Breitman. The protocol described a proof of stake consensus, an which was back in the days still one of blockchains unexplored areas. Tezos is an open source platform, with on-chain governance and smart contract functionality.

What began as a vision to avoid the shortcomings of Bitcoin and Ethereum through adaptability and innovation-driven community soon hit the headlines when a public spat broke out between the Breitmans and Johann Gevers, then president of the Tezos Foundation.

The Tezos platform is an open-source blockchain that can host smart contracts and describes itself as a "self-amending crypto ledger" network that can "self-update" without breaking into two different blockchains in a hard fork. Tezos is a layer 1 blockchain network that can run smart contract applications with censorship resistance in a decentralised environment secured by a proof-of-stake consensus model.

The Tezos open source blockchain platform is a layer 1 crypto project running on the so called delegated proof of stake consens mechanism. The project was described in a 2014 Whitepaper and was dealing with the proof of stake mechanisms, which was still still in the uprise in the whole crypto sector.

The main features of Tezos are

  • Self-amending network

  • On-chain governance

  • Incentivised innovation

  • Delegated Proof of Stake

  • Formally verified smart contracts

Website Whitepaper GitHub Twitter

Someone apparently did not read the small print - The story of Tezos

The story behind Tezos has been a real rollercoaster ride for investors and supporters. The ICO took place on 14 July 2017 and ended with incredible success. In a single day, $232 million of investment was raised, around 10 times as much as the founders had expected. Not a bad start, right? Right?!

But the situation (litteraly) got out of hands, after the founding spouses set up a foundation in Switzerland for Tezos, which under Swiss law meant that the board of directors of that Foundation would get full control over the foundations assets.

At least one board member, Johann Gevers, knew. Who then quickly excluded the Breitmans from the Tezos assets, leading to a power struggle throughout several class action lawsuits.

Although having the source code in their legal possesion, in a Delaware corporation (which is coincidentally also a tax haven) the ICO-Funds were out of access for the Breitmans, which during the time of the bureaucratic struggle the value of the investment rose up to $555 Million due to rising crypto prices.

The whole thing ended, after the entire board, including Gevers, resigned in February 2018. Almost immediately after the community announced the imminent launch of the testnet and it was launched almost a year after the initial coin offering (ICO).

Despite the initial difficulties encountered, Tezos has evolved into a recognised and established blockchain that has achieved significant technological milestones and gained popularity with investors. This story emphasises the importance of fully understanding the legal and regulatory implications of such ventures.

So get out your magnifying glass and always read the small print! Especially with your investment

How to buy Tezos? A step-by-step guide

On Anycoin Direct its easy and safe to buy Tezos.

Step 1: Sign up
Create a free Anycoin account so that you can buy Tezos with PayPal, for example.

Step 2: Deposit your fiat currency and select payment method
Select e.g. PayPal as your preferred payment method and the desired amount. This works both via the mobile app and the desktop website.

Step 3: Buy Tezos
Purchase Tezos with PayPal takes less than 2 minutes. As soon as the money has been transferred, select XTZ. Choose to directly store Tezos on your own wallet or our Anycoin Vault. And start trading.

It's that simple! The Tezos (XTZ) will be in your personal account within a few minutes.

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The Vault is a safe alternative to the traditional crypto wallet for those who want to buy, sell and swap their coins on Anycoin Direct. Within the Vault you can store all your digital assets and swap them against one another. Still want to send crypto to an external wallet like your Ledger? No problem, the Vault is an additional feature. The choice is yours. 

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Balances in the Anycoin Vault, are kept in a foundation. This foundation has only one purpose, to preserve our customer funds. This construction ensures that customers are entitled to compensation in the unlikely event of Anycoin Direct's bankruptcy. In addition, we want to reiterate that we always want to give customers a choice between using the Anycoin Vault and sending coins to an external wallet.

Extra information about Tezos (XTZ)

How can I store Tezos?

The safest way to store Tezos is with a hardware wallet. However, if you are new to the world of crypto and want us to manage things for you, the Anycoin Vault is the easiest option for you. With Anycoin Direct, you don't have to worry: store Tezos securely in our Anycoin Vault.

Can I buy Tezos with iDEAL?

Yes, you can buy Tezos with iDEAL at Anycoin Direct. You can also pay with SEPA, Sofort, VISA, Mastercard and EPS.

Do you need to buy a whole Tezos (XTZ)?

You don’t need to buy whole cryptocurrencies to trade them. You can buy small parts of any cryptocurrency. For example, on Anycoin Direct, the minimum purchase amount is €10.

Can I send Tezos to my own wallet?

Yes, while buying Tezos you can choose to send it to your own wallet. Alternatively, you can choose to be managed by us; we will then store your Tezos securely in the Anycoin Vault.

Is it safe to buy Tezos?

Yes, buying Tezos is safe with Anycoin Direct as we have advanced security techniques and are officially licensed by The Dutch Central Bank. Buy XTZ safely with us with a wide range of payment options.

Is Tezos legal in the UK?

Yes, Tezos is legal in England. You don't have to worry about the legality of buying Tezos.

Do I have to pay taxes on my cryptos?

Depending on the amount of cryptocurrencies you own and the country you live in, the rules for this are different. Always make sure to get information from your personal government authorities.

Can I buy Tezos anonymously at Anycoin Direct?

No, identification is mandatory for all our clients. We are required to conduct a thorough client due diligence. This is done using the Know Your Customer principle.

Can I do a business transaction with Anycoin Direct?

Yes, it is possible to make a business transaction through Anycoin Direct. While creating an account, you can choose a business account.

Can I buy Tezos (XTZ) with PayPal?

Yes, you can buy XTZ with PayPal at Anycoin Direct. You can also pay with VISA, MasterCard, SEPA, Sofort and EPS bank transfers.

Advantages when using PayPal to purchase Tezos

The PayPal platform is simple and fast. It is very easy to carry out transactions with just a few clicks. If you want to buy XTZ with PayPal, you don't have to enter your bank details every time. Therefore, money transfers with PayPal are completed within a few moments. Furthermore, PayPal has been around for 25 years and is one of the largest payment methods in the world. Anycoin Direct allows you to buy XTZ with PayPal.

Can I deposit my XTZ into my PayPal account?

No. It is not possible to deposit XTZ directly into your personal PayPal wallet. 

Blockchain Design of Tezos

The ability of Tezos to "heal" itself is due to its modular architecture and the ability of developers to edit one component of it, without compromising the functionality of the other components. The Tezos whitepaper shows how the layer-1 blockchain performs the basic tasks of a blockchain network in three separate parts:

  1. The network protocol detects blocks and spreads transactions

  2. The transaction protocol defines what makes a transaction valid

  3. The consensus protocol forms a consensus on a unique chain

The whole thing is somewhat reminding us of Ethereum 2.0, since also there the actual network is abstracted into different layers.

  • Data availability layer (data provision layer)

  • Consensus Layer

  • Execution Layer

Tezos Platform - The Self Amending Crypto ledger

The three blockchain components defined in the Tezos white paper are similar to the modular principle of Ethereum. The network protocol provides the Tezos nodes with the necessary data to calculate blocks and participate in the consensus. Which in return performs a formal voting process to determine the correct order of transactions and the transaction protocol is responsible for the execution of smart contracts.

By abstracting these three functions into separate layers, Tezos complies with the modular approach, which aims for a clear separation of functions. This brings about some advantages, such as

  • Focused optimisation: Each level can be optimised independently of the others

  • Easier upgrades: Protocol upgrades can be implemented in a more controlled and less disruptive way

  • Improved security: decreasing risk of cascading errors, etc.

  • Specialisation: Developers can specialise in a particular level without having to have expertise in the other levels, which can accelerate development and innovation within that level.

Tezos' architecture reflects a thoughtful approach to blockchain design that recognises the need for robustness and flexibility as the technology and its applications evolve.

Tezos consensus mechanism

The Tezos blockchain is secured using a Delegated Proof of Stake consensus process. In the Tezos documentation, this consensus process is referred to as Liquid Proof of Stake. However, it is important to understand that the definition of Liquid Proof of Stake has evolved over the last decade and now refers to the creation of artificial liquidity through the minting of synthetic assets tied to one's stake.

The Tezos network does not produce "wrapped assets" or synthetic assets. Nevertheless, XTZ token holders can delegate their funds to other validators, known in the ecosystem as "bakers", who distribute the token inflation and fee rewards to the delegators on a pro-rata basis.

How Tezos works

As already mentioned, the protocol layers are separate from each other. In the following, we take a closer look at the individual application layers that make up the blockchain of Tezos as a whole.

  • The shell (system software)
    The shell consists of blockchain elements that allow nodes to transfer the chain's data to new nodes, as well as the versioned state of the ledger, including a layer for peer-to-peer connections, the disk storage and a distributed database that abstracts the retrieval and replication of new blockchain data to the validator. This abstraction is necessary to separate the processes in the shell from the protocol layer.

  • Protocol Layer
    The protocol layer comprises the so-called "self-correcting properties" of Tezos, which are possible without affecting the underlying network and consensus layers. Note that the protocol layer can only see one blockchain, namely the consensus-accepted linear sequence of the blockchain. As the Tezos blockchain has never had a hard fork, this linear sequence can be traced back to the Genesis block. The tasks of the protocol layer include administrative processes such as the interpretation of transactions and the processing of smart contracts.

  • The RPC layer
    For the sake of simplicity, it is sufficient to know that the RPC layer is part of the node infrastructure that enables third-party applications to interact with the node.
     The RPC layer establishes the connection between the user and the node network.

  • Modular architecture
    As the core functions of Tezos are abstracted from each other, the economic protocol of the chain can be supplemented by a coordination procedure within the chain. For example, the processes within the chain could change by switching between different protocol layers without affecting the underlying processes.

Tezos governance process

The Tezos ecosystem has introduced an on-chain process to propose, select, test and implement protocol improvements. Each update is voted on and approved by the community, significantly reducing the likelihood of hard forks as these updates are only approved if the community is in favour of them.

Bakers, the validators of the Tezos network, are also the voters in the formal upgrade process, with their votes proportional to the size of their stake. Anyone who has 6000 XTZ tokens available to stake on the network can become a Baker. Others who do not have these funds can delegate their tokens to Bakers, who can then vote on their behalf.

The five phases of Tezos governance

The process for submitting improvement proposals for Tezos comprises five phases, each lasting five baking cycles or approximately two months and ten days. The phases are as follows:

  1. Proposal Period
    At least 5% of the voting members must give a formal verification in favour of the proposal for it to progress to the next phase.

  2. Exploration Period
    If a proposal receives another formal verification absolute majority of 80%, it will proceed.

  3. Cooldown and Test Period
    Further detailed discussion and testing on a parallel testnet

  4. Promotion period A further 80 per cent majority is required for the proposal to be accepted. This vote is the final approval step before an upgrade is implemented and ensures that only thoroughly tested and widely supported changes are implemented.

  5. Implementation
    If everything was accepted a deadline is passed until which the network participantes can prepare the update.

Each of these phases is designed to ensure that changes to the Tezos protocol are made democratically and thoughtfully, and reflect the collective decision-making of the community.

Tezos network upgrades

The Tezos network has been further developed over the years with the following important suggestions for improvement:

  • Athens (May 2019) - Increase in the gas limit per block.

  • Babylon (October 2019) - Introduction of a refined version of the consensus algorithm called Emmy+, simplifying the development of smart contracts and improving the delegation process.

  • Carthage (March 2020) - Increase in gas limit per block; improved calculation of back rewards.

  • Delphi (September 2020) - Drastic reduction in storage costs.

  • Edo (February 2021) - Addition of privacy-friendly smart contracts

  • Florence (May 2021) - Doubles the permitted size of smart contracts, introduces gas optimisations and several other infrastructural improvements

  • Granada (August 2021) - Introduction of liquidity cheeks.

  • Hangzhou (December 2021) - Several improvements to smart contracts and measures against MEV-related practices.

  • Ithaca (April 2022) - Introducing Tenderbake, an improved Tezos consensus algorithm with fast finality and improved scalability. Improved back experience and more.

  • Jakarta (June 2022) - Introduction of Transaction Optimistic Rollups.

  • Kathmandu (September 2022) - Activates optimistic rollups for smart contracts in test networks.

  • Lima (December 2022) - Pipeline improvements that separate validation from the application of operations to enable higher throughput.

  • Mumbai (March 2023) - Block times halved to 15 seconds. Smart roll-ups fully activated in the main network.

  • Nairobi (June 2023) - Increased network throughput, refined smart contract calls and smart rollup maintenance operations with an improved gas model for cryptographic signatures.

Tezos Tokenomics

Tezos (XTZ) is the native cryptocurrency of the Tezos blockchain. XTZ tokenomics are designed to support and promote the operation and security of the Tezos network. Here are some important aspects of Tezos tokenomics:

  • Staking (Baking): Tezos uses a Liquid Proof-of-Stake (LPoS) consensus mechanism. Token holders can "stake" their XTZ by participating in the network as bakers. Bakers are responsible for creating new blocks and securing the network. In return for their services, they receive staking rewards in the form of newly minted XTZ.

  • Delegation: XTZ owners who do not wish to bake can delegate their tokens to a baker to participate in the staking process and earn a portion of the baking rewards without having to run a node themselves.

  • Inflation funding: The network mints new XTZ as a reward for bakers, resulting in inflation. However, since all stakeholders can participate in staking, inflation is effectively distributed to those who secure the network, aligning the incentives for token holders and network validators.

  • On-chain governance: XTZ is used in the governance process of the Tezos network. XTZ holders can vote on proposed protocol upgrades, with the weight of their vote proportional to the amount of XTZ they hold (or bake/delegate).

  • Transaction fees: While the primary incentive for bakers comes from block rewards, they also receive transaction fees. However, fees are generally lower on Tezos compared to networks such as Ethereum, partly due to the more efficient consensus mechanism.

  • No upper limit: Unlike Bitcoin, Tezos has no upper limit for the total amount of XTZ. The amount will continue to grow as new blocks are baked and rewards are distributed.

  • Smart contract platform: XTZ is used to interact with smart contracts on the Tezos blockchain. This includes the execution of contract functions and the payment of transaction fees associated with the execution of smart contracts.

  • Utilisation and participation: In addition to staking and governance, XTZ can be used in the Tezos ecosystem for various purposes, such as participation in DeFi applications, NFT marketplaces and other services based on the Tezos blockchain.

Tezos' tokenomics are designed to encourage active participation in the security and governance of the network while supporting a growing ecosystem of decentralised applications. The inflation model through staking rewards is designed to ensure that the network remains secure and validators are compensated for their efforts without incurring high transaction fees.Tezos (XTZ) is the native cryptocurrency of the Tezos blockchain. XTZ tokenomics are designed to support and promote the operation and security of the Tezos network. Here are some important aspects of Tezos tokenomics:

  • Staking (Baking): Tezos uses a Liquid Proof-of-Stake (LPoS) consensus mechanism. Token holders can "stake" their XTZ by participating in the network as bakers. Bakers are responsible for creating new blocks and securing the network. In return for their services, they receive staking rewards in the form of newly minted XTZ.

  • Delegation: XTZ owners who do not wish to bake can delegate their tokens to a baker to participate in the staking process and earn a portion of the baking rewards without having to run a node themselves.

  • Inflation funding: The network mints new XTZ as a reward for bakers, resulting in inflation. However, since all stakeholders can participate in staking, inflation is effectively distributed to those who secure the network, aligning the incentives for token holders and network validators.

  • On-chain governance: XTZ is used in the governance process of the Tezos network. XTZ holders can vote on proposed protocol upgrades, with the weight of their vote proportional to the amount of XTZ they hold (or bake/delegate).

  • Transaction fees: While the primary incentive for bakers comes from block rewards, they also receive transaction fees. However, fees are generally lower on Tezos compared to networks such as Ethereum, partly due to the more efficient consensus mechanism.

  • No upper limit: Unlike Bitcoin, Tezos has no upper limit for the total amount of XTZ. The amount will continue to grow as new blocks are baked and rewards are distributed.

  • Smart contract platform: XTZ is used to interact with smart contracts on the Tezos blockchain. This includes the execution of contract functions and the payment of transaction fees associated with the execution of smart contracts.

  • Utilisation and participation: In addition to staking and governance, XTZ can be used in the Tezos ecosystem for various purposes, such as participation in DeFi applications, NFT marketplaces and other services based on the Tezos blockchain.

Tezos' tokenomics are designed to encourage active participation in the security and governance of the network while supporting a growing ecosystem of decentralised applications. The inflation model through staking rewards is designed to ensure that the network remains secure and validators are compensated for their efforts without incurring high transaction fees.

Tezos Tokenomics

Tezos (XTZ) is the native token of the Tezos blockchain. XTZ tokenomics are designed to support and promote the operation and security of the Tezos network. Here are some important aspects of Tezos tokenomics:

  • Staking (Baking)

  • Delegation

  • Inflation funding

  • On-chain governance

  • Transaction fees

  • No upper limit/ no max supply

  • Smart contract platform

  • Utilisation and participation

Tezos' tokenomics are designed to encourage active participation in the security and governance of the network while supporting a growing ecosystem of decentralised applications. The inflation model through staking rewards is designed to ensure that the network remains secure and validators are compensated for their efforts without incurring high transaction fees.

Applications on the Tezos blockchain

Tezos is a versatile blockchain platform that supports various applications and products. Here are some notable examples:

  • Dexter: Dexter is a decentralised exchange (DEX) based on Tezos that allows users to trade tokens directly from their wallets.

  • Kolibri: Kolibri is a platform on Tezos that allows users to create kUSD, a cryptocurrency pegged to the US dollar. Users can lock XTZ as collateral for minting kUSD.

  • QuipuSwap: QuipuSwap is a protocol for decentralised exchanges on Tezos. It provides an interface for the exchange of Tezos-based tokens and the opportunity to earn rewards as a liquidity provider.

  • tzBTC: tzBTC is a tokenised version of Bitcoin on the Tezos blockchain. It brings the liquidity and value of Bitcoin to the Tezos ecosystem and enables new use cases such as lending and staking.

  • Homebase: Homebase is a project that enables the creation and management of DAOs (decentralised autonomous organisations) on Tezos. Anyone can create a DAO, propose decisions and vote on them.

  • OneOf: OneOf is an environmentally friendly NFT (Non-Fungible Token) platform based on Tezos and developed for the music industry. It is backed by music producer Quincy Jones and offers a variety of NFTs related to music.

  • Tezsure: Tezsure is a decentralised insurance platform based on Tezos. It enables users to create and manage insurance policies using a smart contract.

  • Tezos Domains: Tezos Domains is a distributed, open and extensible naming system that utilises the Tezos blockchain. It simplifies the user experience by providing human-readable names instead of complex alphanumeric addresses.

These applications and products demonstrate the versatility of the Tezos blockchain and its ability to support a variety of decentralised applications and services.

What can Tezos be used for?

Tezos is a cryptocurrency with which you can create and use smart contracts. In addition, XTZ tokens can also be used to carry out transactions, invest or "beacon". Owning XTZ allows you to vote on changes to the blockchain. However, there is a disadvantage: those who own more Tezos also have more voting rights. Companies use Tezos to build their platform. Utilizing a smart contract, for example, and everything is stored securely on the blockchain. Tezos can also be used to buy NFTs (non-fungible tokens). As the name suggests, these are items/tokens that are non-fungible and only belong to one person. Forms of NFTs include digital images, videos and tickets, but they can also be used to play games. A smart contract from Tezos then enables NFTs to be traded.

If you want to take part in the governance process, just buy Tezos token and allocate them in the platforms DAO, decisions which are available on their respective website!

Who are the founders of Tezos?

Tezos was conceived and founded in 2014 by a married couple named Arthur and Kathleen Breitman. Five years after the launch of Bitcoin, Arthur and Kathleen released their first version of Tezos in 2014. In those five years, cryptocurrencies were already showing their potential, but the couple still saw room for improvement. Therefore, the goal of Tezos is to eliminate exactly the disadvantages of other cryptocurrencies. Tezos raised 232 million dollars in its Initial Coin Offering (ICO) in 2017, the largest ICO proceeds at the time. Arthur and Kathleen Breitman did not agree with the Tezos Foundation, which was founded in 2017. Due to the differences of opinion, it took a long time before Tezos could actually launch. Arthur Breitman is currently a member of the Tezos Foundation Board.

Buy Tezos at Anycoin Direct

Want to buy Tezos or invest into cryptocurrencies as an investor? Anycoin Direct is your trusted broker for buying cryptocurrencies and offers an easy way to enter into the emerging world of digital currencies. As one of the leading crypto brokers in the Netherlands, Anycoin Direct offers a wide range of cryptocurrencies with which you can diversify your portfolio.

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Your journey into the crypto world starts here. Buying cryptocurrencies at Anycoin Direct allows you to enter the world of digital assets. With a wide range of cryptocurrencies available and a reliable broker by your side, you can diversify your portfolio and benefit from the opportunities offered by the cryptocurrency market. Don't hesitate any longer and start your journey into the world of cryptos today by buying cryptocurrencies on Anycoin Direct.

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